Preparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deep learning and vertical bridgman growth method

ABSTRACT

A preparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth method. The prediction method includes: obtaining a preparation data of the conductive gallium oxide single crystal, the preparation data includes a seed crystal data, an environmental data, a control data and a raw material data, and the raw material data includes a doping type data and a conductive doping concentration; preprocessing the preparation data to obtain a preprocessed preparation data; inputting the preprocessed preparation data into a trained neural network model, and obtaining a predicted property data corresponding to the conductive gallium oxide single crystal through the trained neural network model, the predicted property data includes a predicted carrier concentration.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure relates to a technical field of the preparationof gallium oxide, in particular to a preparation method of conductivegallium oxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growthmethod.

BACKGROUND

Gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) single crystal is a transparent semiconductoroxide, which belongs to a semiconductor material with wide forbiddenband. Usually, β-Ga₂O₃ (β-Gallium oxide) is relatively stable, there area lot of advantages of β-Ga₂O₃, such as large band gap, fast saturatedelectron drift speed, high thermal conductivity, high breakdown fieldstrength, stable chemical properties, etc. The large band gap bringshigh breakdown voltage. In addition, the fast saturated electron driftspeed, high thermal conductivity and stable chemical properties makeβ-Ga₂O₃ single crystal has a wide application prospect in the field ofelectronic devices. The vertical Bridgman growth method is one of themethods for preparing gallium oxide, while in the prior art, theconductive gallium oxide with preset carrier concentration cannot beobtained by the vertical Bridgman growth method.

Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

The technical problem to be solved in the present disclosure is toprovide a preparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, so as to predict andobtain a conductive gallium oxide with preset carrier concentration.

The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a prediction method ofconductive gallium oxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgmangrowth method, which includes steps:

obtaining a preparation data of the conductive gallium oxide singlecrystal, the preparation data comprises a seed crystal data, anenvironmental data, a control data and a raw material data, and the rawmaterial data comprises a doping type data and a conductive dopingconcentration;

preprocessing the preparation data to obtain a preprocessed preparationdata;

inputting the preprocessed preparation data into a trained neuralnetwork model, and obtaining a predicted property data corresponding tothe conductive gallium oxide single crystal through the trained neuralnetwork model, the predicted property data comprises a predicted carrierconcentration.

In the prediction method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, the preprocessing thepreparation data to obtain a preprocessed preparation data includes:

obtaining a preprocessed preparation data according to the seed crystaldata, the environmental data, the control data and the raw materialdata, the preprocessed preparation data is a matrix formed by the seeddata, the environmental data, the control data and the raw materialdata.

In the prediction method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, the seed data includes: ahalf-height width of seed diffraction peak, a deviation value of thehalf-height width of seed diffraction peak and a seed diameter;

the environmental data includes: a thermal resistance value ofinsulating layer in high temperature area, a deviation value of thethermal resistance value of insulating layer in high temperature area, ashape factor of insulating layer in high temperature area, a thermalresistance value of insulating layer in low temperature area, adeviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inlow temperature area, a shape factor of insulating layer in lowtemperature area and a shape factor of insulating layer in growthdriving area;

the control data includes: a high temperature area input power, a hightemperature area cooling power, a low temperature area input power, alow temperature area cooling power and a crucible descending speed.

In the prediction method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, the obtaining apreprocessed preparation data according to the seed crystal data, theenvironmental data, the control data and the raw material data,includes:

determining a preparation vector according to the seed crystal data, theenvironmental data, the control data and the raw material data, a firstelement in the preparation vector is one of the half-height width ofseed diffraction peak, the deviation value of the half-height width ofseed diffraction peak and the seed diameter, a second element in thepreparation vector is one of the thermal resistance value of insulatinglayer in high temperature area, the deviation value of the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in high temperature area, the shapefactor of insulating layer in high temperature area, the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in low temperature area, thedeviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inlow temperature area, the shape factor of insulating layer in lowtemperature area and the shape factor of insulating layer in growthdriving area, a third element in the preparation vector is one of thehigh temperature area input power, the high temperature area coolingpower, the low temperature area input power, the low temperature areacooling power and the crucible descending speed, and a fourth element inthe preparation vector is one of the doping type data and the conductivedoping concentration;

determining the preprocessed preparation data according to thepreparation vector.

In the prediction method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, the predicted propertydata further includes: a predicted crack data, a predicted hybridcrystal data, a predicted half-height width of diffraction peak, aradial deviation value of the predicted half-height width of diffractionpeak, a axial deviation value of the predicted half-height width ofdiffraction peak, a radial deviation value of the predicted carrierconcentration and a axial deviation value of the predicted carrierconcentration.

A preparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deep learningand vertical Bridgman growth method which includes steps:

obtaining a target property data of a target conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal, the target property data includes a target carrierconcentration;

determining a target preparation data corresponding to the targetconductive gallium oxide single crystal according to the target propertydata and a trained neural network model, the target preparation dataincludes a seed crystal data, an environmental data, a control data anda raw material data, the raw material data includes a doping type dataand a conductive doping concentration;

preparing, based on the vertical Bridgman growth method, the targetconductive gallium oxide single crystal according to the targetpreparation data.

In the preparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, the determining a targetpreparation data corresponding to the target conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal according to the target property data and a trainedneural network model includes:

obtaining a preset preparation data, preprocessing the presetpreparation data to obtain a preprocessed preset preparation data;

inputting the preprocessed preset preparation data into the trainedneural network model, and obtaining a predicted property datacorresponding to the conductive gallium oxide single crystal through thetrained neural network model;

correcting the preset preparation data according to the predictedproperty data and the target property data to obtain the targetpreparation data corresponding to the target conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal.

In the preparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, the trained neural networkmodel is trained by steps:

acquiring a training data of the conductive gallium oxide single crystaland an actual property data corresponding to the training data, thetraining data includes a seed crystal training data, an environmentaltraining data, a control training data and a raw material training data,the raw material training data includes a doping type data and aconductive doping concentration;

preprocessing the training data to obtain a preprocessed training data;

inputting the preprocessed training data into a preset neural networkmodel, and obtaining a predicted generated property data correspondingto the preprocessed training data through the preset neural networkmodel, the predicted generated property data includes a predictedgenerated carrier concentration;

adjusting model parameters of the preset neural network model accordingto the predicted generated property data and the actual property data toobtain the trained neural network model.

In the preparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, the preset neural networkmodel includes a feature extraction module and a fully connected module,the inputting the preprocessed training data into a preset neuralnetwork model, and obtaining a predicted generated property datacorresponding to the preprocessed training data through the presetneural network model, includes:

inputting the preprocessed training data into the feature extractionmodule, and obtaining a feature vector corresponding to the preprocessedtraining data through the feature extraction module;

inputting the feature vector into the fully connected module, obtainingthe preprocessed training data through the fully connected module, andobtaining the predicted generated property data.

A conductive gallium oxide preparation system based on deep learning andvertical Bridgman growth method which includes a memory and a processor,a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executesthe computer program to operate the steps of the predicted methoddescribed above, or the steps of the preparation method described above.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present disclosurehas the following advantages:

The preparation data is first preprocessed to obtain the preprocessedpreparation data, then the preprocessed preparation data is input intothe trained neural network model, and the predicted property data whichcorresponds to the conductive gallium oxide single crystal correspondingto the conductive gallium oxide single crystal is obtained through thetrained neural network model, The trained neural network model canpredict the performance of the conductive gallium oxide single crystal.Therefore, the conductive gallium oxide with preset carrierconcentration can be obtained by adjusting the preparation data.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly explain the embodiments of the presentdisclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the followingwill briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodimentsof the present disclosure or the description of the prior art. It isobvious that the drawings in the following description are only someembodiments recorded in the present disclosure. For those skilled in theart, other drawings may be derived from the present drawings withoutpaying creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a prediction method of conductive gallium oxidebased on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth method in anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a crystal growth furnace in anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the location and temperature of thecrystal in the furnace in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is an internal structure diagram of a conductive gallium oxidepreparation system based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growthmethod in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand thescheme of the present disclosure, the technical scheme in theembodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completelydescribed below in combination with the accompanying drawings in thepresent disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only partof the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodimentsof the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments of the presentdisclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the artwithout making creative work belong to the protection scope of thepresent disclosure.

Vertical Bridgman growth method, also known as Bridgeman crystal growthmethod, is a common crystal growth method. The material used for crystalgrowth is loaded in a cylindrical crucible while slowly descends andpasses through a heating furnace with a certain temperature gradient,and the furnace temperature is controlled around the melting point ofthe material. When passing through the heating area, the material in thecrucible is melted. When the crucible continues to descend, thetemperature at the bottom of the crucible first drops below the meltingpoint and the material begins to crystallize. The crystal continues togrow with the descending of the crucible, as shown in FIG. 2 . It isnecessary to avoid the corrosion of the crucible material while growinggallium oxide.

Various non limiting embodiments of the present disclosure will bedescribed in detail below in combination with the drawings.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , a prediction method of conductive galliumoxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth method in thepresent disclosure is shown. In the present embodiment, the predictionmethod may include, for example, the following steps:

S100. Obtaining a preparation data of the conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal, the preparation data comprises a seed crystal data, anenvironmental data, a control data and a raw material data, and the rawmaterial data comprises a doping type data and a conductive dopingconcentration.

The preparation data refers to a data of preparing the conductivegallium oxide single crystal, and the preparation data is the data thatis configured as required, for example, when it needs to predict theperformance of the conductive gallium oxide single crystal obtainedunder a certain preparation data, it is only necessary to determine thepreparation data, and preprocess the preparation data to obtain thepreprocessed preparation data, and then input the preprocessedpreparation data into the trained neural network model, and obtain thepreprocessed preparation data through the trained neural network model.That is, no experiment is required. After the preparation data isdetermined, the quality data of the conductive gallium oxide singlecrystal can be predicted.

In the present embodiment, the preparation data includes a seed crystaldata, an environmental data, a control data and a raw material data. Theseed crystal data refers to the data of the seed crystal adopted in theprocess of preparing the conductive gallium oxide single crystal. Theenvironmental data refers to the data of the environment in which thecrystal is placed in the process of preparing the conductive galliumoxide single crystal. The control data refers to the data of controllingcrystal growth during the process of preparing the conductive galliumoxide single crystal. The raw material data refers to the data of rawmaterial adopted in the process of preparing the conductive galliumoxide single crystal, and the concentration of the doping element is theconcentration of the conductive elements doped in the gallium oxide, thedoped conductive element includes Si, Ge, Sn, Zr, Hf, In, Ta, Nb, V, W,Mo, etc. The doping type data refers to the type of the doped material.

S200: Preprocessing the preparation data to obtain preprocessedpreparation data.

After obtaining the preparation data, the preparation data ispreprocessed to obtain the preprocessed preparation data, so that thepreprocessed preparation data can be input into the trained neuralnetwork model, to process the preprocessed preparation data through thetrained neural network model.

In one implementation of the embodiment, step S200 preprocessing thepreparation data to obtain preprocessed preparation data includes:

S210. Obtaining a preprocessed preparation data according to the seedcrystal data, the environmental data, the control data and the rawmaterial data, the preprocessed preparation data is a matrix formed bythe seed data, the environmental data, the control data and the rawmaterial data.

After the preparation data is obtained, the preparation data ispreprocessed first to obtain the preprocessed preparation data. Thesub-data (such as the seed crystal data, the environmental data, thecontrol data, and the raw material data) in the preparation data willaffect each other, but it is currently not clear how much the sub-dataaffects each other. Therefore, it is necessary to preprocess thepreparation data by rearranging and combining the sub-data in thepreparation data to form the preprocessed preparation data.

In one implantation of the embodiment, the seed crystal data includes ahalf-height width of seed diffraction peak, a deviation value of thehalf-height width of seed diffraction peak and a seed diameter; theenvironmental data includes a thermal resistance value of insulatinglayer in high temperature area, a deviation value of the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in high temperature area, a shapefactor of insulating layer in high temperature area, a thermalresistance value of insulating layer in low temperature area, adeviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inlow temperature area, a shape factor of insulating layer in lowtemperature area and a shape factor of insulating layer in growthdriving area; the control data includes: a high temperature area inputpower, a high temperature area cooling power, a low temperature areainput power, a low temperature area cooling power and a crucibledescending speed.

The half-height width of seed diffraction peak of the seed crystal maybe tested by an X-ray diffractometer. The deviation value of thehalf-height width of the seed crystal diffraction peak includes a radialdeviation value of the half-height width of seed crystal diffractionpeak and a axial deviation value of the half-height width of seedcrystal diffraction peak. The radial direction is the direction on thehorizontal plane, and the axial direction is the direction perpendicularto the horizontal plane, that is, the axis in the vertical direction.The radial deviation value of the half-height width of seed crystaldiffraction peak may be measured by measuring the half-height width ofseed crystal diffraction peak on both sides of the radial direction ofthe seed crystal, to obtain the difference between the half-heightwidths of seed crystal diffraction peaks on both sides of the radialdirection of the seed crystal, namely the radial deviation value of thehalf-height width of seed crystal diffraction peak. The axial deviationvalue of the half-height width of seed crystal diffraction peak may bemeasured by testing the half-height widths of seed crystal diffractionpeaks on both sides of the seed crystal axis, to obtain the differencebetween the half-height widths of seed crystal diffraction peaks on bothsides of the seed crystal axis, namely the axial deviation value of thehalf-height width of seed crystal diffraction peak.

When preparing conductive gallium oxide single crystal by verticalBridgman growth method, the area where the grown crystal located is ahigh temperature area, the area where the melt that does not grow intocrystal located is a low temperature area, the area where the melt growsinto the crystal is a growth driving area, and the growth driving areais located between the high temperature area and the low temperaturearea. Generally, the high temperature area is located above the lowtemperature area. As shown in FIG. 2 , when a crucible 1 is in the hightemperature area, the gallium oxide in crucible 1 is a melt 3, and whenthe crucible 1 is in the low temperature area, the gallium oxide in thecrucible 1 is a crystal 2. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , when thecrucible is in the growth driving area, the gallium oxide in thecrucible grows from melt to crystal due to the decrease of temperature.When the crucible descends from high temperature area to low temperaturearea, the gallium oxide in the crucible gradually grows into aconductive gallium oxide single crystal. A bottom of the crucible 1 isnarrowed to form a tip, and the seed crystal is located in the tip. Thatis, in the process of crystal growth, as the crucible descending, thecrucible gradually enters the low temperature area, and the melt 3 growsfrom the seed crystal at the bottom of the crucible 1 into the crystal2. Of course, the seed crystal may be placed in the tip of the crucible1 after the gallium oxide in the crucible 1 is completely melted.

As shown in FIG. 2 , an insulating layer is arranged outside aninduction coil 4, which is configured to maintain the temperature. Athermal resistance value of insulating layer refers to the temperaturedifference between two sides of the insulating layer when a unit heatpasses through the insulating layer in a unit time. The greater thethermal resistance value of the insulating layer, the stronger theability of the insulating layer to resist heat transfer, and the betterthe insulation effect of the insulating layer. The thermal resistancevalue of insulating layer in high temperature area refers to the thermalresistance value of the insulating layer in the high temperature area,and the thermal resistance value of insulating layer in low temperaturearea refers to the thermal resistance value of the insulating layer inthe low temperature area.

A deviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layerincludes a radial deviation value of the thermal resistance value ofinsulating layer and an axial deviation value of the thermal resistancevalue of insulating layer. The radial deviation value of the thermalresistance value of insulating layer may be obtained by testing thethermal resistance value of the insulating layer on both sides of radialdirection of the insulating layer and measuring the difference betweenthe thermal resistance values of the insulating layers on both sides ofradial direction of the insulating layer. The axial deviation value ofthe thermal resistance value of insulating layer may be obtained bytesting the thermal resistance value of the insulating layer on bothsides of axial direction of the insulating layer and measuring thedifference between the thermal resistance values of the insulatinglayers on both sides of axial direction of the insulating layer.

Of course, a deviation value of the thermal resistance value ofinsulating layer in high temperature area is obtained when testing forthe high temperature area, and a deviation value of the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in low temperature area can beobtained when testing for the low temperature area.

A shape factor of insulating layer refers to the value of the shape andsize of the insulation area. For example, when a cylindrical insulatinglayer is adopted, the shape factor of insulating layer includes adiameter of the insulating layer and a height of the insulating layer.When a cubic insulating layer is adopted, the shape factor of insulatinglayer includes a length of insulating layer, a width of insulating layerand a height of insulating layer. Because the crystal is mainly growingin the low temperature area and growth driving area, the shape factor ofinsulating layer in the low temperature area and the shape factor ofgrowth driving area may affect the growth of the crystal.

After the crucible and the crystal growth furnace are determined, theshape factor of insulating layer in the low temperature area and theshape factor of insulating layer in the growth driving area aredetermined. With the use of the crystal growth furnace, the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in high temperature area, thedeviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inhigh temperature area, the shape factor of insulating layer in hightemperature area, the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inlow temperature area, and the deviation value of the thermal resistancevalue of insulating layer in low temperature area may change, but willnot change in a short time. The environmental data can be retested aftera certain number of crystal growth.

The high temperature area input power refers to the input power of theinduction coil in the high temperature area when the crystal is growing,the low temperature area input power refers to the input power of theinduction coil in the low temperature area when the crystal is growing,the high temperature area cooling power refers to the powercorresponding to the cooling of the high temperature area, and the lowtemperature area cooling power refers to the power corresponding to thecooling of the low temperature area. Since the induction coil adopts ahollow induction coil, when cooling, a cooling medium is introduced intothe induction coil to form a cooling coil, and the cooling is performedby a continuous flow of the cooling medium in the cooling coil. Thecooling power of high temperature area and low temperature area may bedetermined according to the type of the cooling medium and the flow rateof the cooling medium. The type of cooling medium includes water, oil,and air. The flow rate of the cooling medium may be determined accordingto the flow velocity of the cooling medium and the diameter of thecooling coil. The crucible descending speed refers to the descendingspeed of crucible during crystal growth.

In one implementation of the present embodiment, the step S210 obtaininga preprocessed preparation data according to the seed crystal data, theenvironmental data, the control data and the raw material data includes:

S211. Determining a preparation vector according to the seed crystaldata, the environmental data, the control data and the raw materialdata, a first element in the preparation vector is one of thehalf-height width of seed diffraction peak, the deviation value of thehalf-height width of seed diffraction peak and the seed diameter, asecond element in the preparation vector is one of the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in high temperature area, thedeviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inhigh temperature area, the shape factor of insulating layer in hightemperature area, the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inlow temperature area, the deviation value of the thermal resistancevalue of insulating layer in low temperature area, the shape factor ofinsulating layer in low temperature area and the shape factor ofinsulating layer in growth driving area, a third element in thepreparation vector is one of the high temperature area input power, thehigh temperature area cooling power, the low temperature area inputpower, the low temperature area cooling power and the crucibledescending speed, and a fourth element in the preparation vector is oneof the doping type data and the conductive doping concentration.

S212. Determining the preprocessed preparation data according to thepreparation vector.

A preparation vector (A, B, C, D) is determined according to the seedcrystal data A, the environmental data B, the control data C and the rawmaterial data D. The seed crystal data A is selected from the groupconsisting of: a half-height width of seed diffraction peak A1, adeviation value of the half-height width of seed diffraction peak A3 anda seed diameter A3. The environmental data B is selected from the groupconsisting of: a thermal resistance value of insulating layer in hightemperature area B1, a deviation value of the thermal resistance valueof insulating layer in high temperature area B2, a shape factor ofinsulating layer in high temperature area B3, a thermal resistance valueof insulating layer in low temperature area B4, a deviation value of thethermal resistance value of insulating layer in low temperature area B5,a shape factor of insulating layer in low temperature area B6 and ashape factor of insulating layer in growth driving area B7. The controldata C is selected from the group consisting of: a high temperature areainput power C1, a high temperature area cooling power C2, a lowtemperature area input power C3, a low temperature area cooling power C4and a crucible descending speed C5. The raw material data D is selectedfrom the group consisting of: a doping type data D1 and a conductivedoping concentration D2. That is, in the preparation vector (A, B, C,D), A may be one of A1, A2 and A3, B may be one of B1, B2, B3, B4, B5,B6 and B7, C may be one of C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5, and D may be one of D1and D2. Then 210 preparation vectors can be formed.

After all preparation vectors are arranged according to the sequencenumbers to form a matrix, the preprocessed preparation data is obtained.

The preprocessed preparation data are as follows:

$\lbrack \text{⁠}\begin{matrix}( {A1B1C1D1} ) & \cdots & ( {A1B7C1D1} ) & ( {A2B1C1D1} ) & \cdots & ( {A2B7C1D1} ) & ( {A3B1C1D1} ) & \cdots & ( {A3B7C1D1} ) \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\( {A1B1C5D1} ) & \cdots & ( {A1B7C5D1} ) & ( {A2B1C5D1} ) & \cdots & ( {A2B7C5D1} ) & ( {A3B1C5D1} ) & \cdots & ( {A3B7C5D1} ) \\( {A1B1C1D2} ) & \cdots & ( {A1B7C1D2} ) & ( {A2B1C1D2} ) & \cdots & ( {A2B7C1D2} ) & ( {A3B1C1D2} ) & \cdots & ( {A3B7C1D2} ) \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\( {A1B1C5D2} ) & \cdots & ( {A1B7C5D2} ) & ( {A2B1C5D2} ) & \cdots & ( {A2B7C5D2} ) & ( {A3B1C5D2} ) & \cdots & ( {A3B7C5D2} )\end{matrix} \rbrack\text{⁠}$

Of course, other arrangements are also adopted to obtain preprocessedpreparation data.

S300. Inputting the preprocessed preparation data into a trained neuralnetwork model, and obtaining a predicted property data corresponding tothe conductive gallium oxide single crystal through the trained neuralnetwork model, the predicted property data comprises a predicted carrierconcentration.

The predicted property data also includes: a predicted crack data, apredicted hybrid crystal data, a predicted half-height width ofdiffraction peak, a radial deviation value of the predicted half-heightwidth of diffraction peak, a axial deviation value of the predictedhalf-height width of diffraction peak, a radial deviation value of thepredicted carrier concentration and a axial deviation value of thepredicted carrier concentration.

The crack data refers to a crack level data, and a predicted crack datarefers to a predicted crack level data. The cracks can be divided intomultiple levels. For example, if the cracks are divided into 3 levels,the crack data are 1, 2 and 3.

A hybrid crystal data refers to a hybrid crystal level data, and apredicted hybrid crystal data refers to a predicted hybrid crystal leveldata. The hybrid crystal can be divided into multiple levels. Forexample, the hybrid crystal is divided into 3 levels, and the hybridcrystal data are 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

A predicted half-height width of diffraction peak refers to thehalf-height width of diffraction peak that is predicted, a radialdeviation value of the half-height width of diffraction peak refers to apredicted difference between diffraction peaks on both sides of theradial direction, and a axial deviation value of the half-height widthof diffraction peak refers to a predicted difference between diffractionpeaks on both sides of the axial direction.

By inputting the preprocessed preparation data into a trained neuralnetwork model, the predicted property data are obtained through theneural network model. It should be noted that the predicted propertydata may be one or more, for example, only a predicted crack data isrequired.

In one implementation of the embodiments, the trained neural networkmodel is trained by the following steps:

A100. Acquiring a training data of the conductive gallium oxide singlecrystal and an actual property data corresponding to the training data,the training data includes a seed crystal training data, anenvironmental training data, a control training data and a raw materialtraining data, the raw material training data includes a doping typedata and a conductive doping concentration.

The training data refers to the data adopted to prepare the conductivegallium oxide single crystal and be used in training, and the actualproperty data refers to the data of the actual properties of theprepared conductive gallium oxide single crystal. A training set isformed through the training data and the actual property data. Based onthe training set, the preset neural network model is trained to obtainthe trained neural network model. The seed crystal training dataincludes: a half-height width of seed crystal diffraction peak trainingdata, a deviation value of the half-height width of seed crystaldiffraction peak training data and a seed crystal diameter trainingdata. The environmental training data includes: a thermal resistancevalue of insulating layer in high temperature area training data, adeviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inhigh temperature area training data, a shape factor of insulating layerin high temperature area training data, a thermal resistance value ofinsulating layer in low temperature area training data, a deviationvalue of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer in lowtemperature area training data, a shape factor of thermal insulatinglayer in low temperature area training data and a shape factor ofthermal insulating layer in growth driving area training data. The rawmaterial training data includes: a doping type training data and aconductive doping concentration training data. The control training dataincludes: a high temperature area input power training data, a hightemperature area cooling power training data, a low temperature areainput power training data, a low temperature area cooling power trainingdata and a crucible descending speed training data. The actual propertydata includes: an actual carrier concentration. Of course, the actualproperty data may also include: an actual crack data, an actual hybridcrystal data, an actual half-height width of diffraction peak, an actualradial deviation value of the half-height width of diffraction peak, anactual axial deviation value of the half-height width of diffractionpeak, an actual radial deviation value of the carrier concentration andan actual axial deviation value of the carrier concentration.

Of course, the training set may also be formed by the training data andactual property data, and the preset neural network model is trainedbased on the training set to obtain the trained neural network model.

When the training set is obtained by collecting the data, the conductivegallium oxide single crystal is prepared by the vertical Bridgman growthmethod, and the data of preparing the conductive gallium oxide singlecrystal is recorded as the training data. After the conductive galliumoxide single crystal is obtained, the properties of the conductivegallium oxide single crystal are analyzed to obtain the actual propertydata. In order to facilitate the training of neural network model, thedata may be collected as much as possible to form a training set.

A200. Preprocessing the training data to obtain the preprocessedtraining data.

After the training data is obtained, the training data is preprocessedto obtain the preprocessed training data. The process of thepreprocessing can refer to the step S200.

A300. Inputting the preprocessed training data into a preset neuralnetwork model, and obtaining a predicted generated property datacorresponding to the preprocessed training data through the presetneural network model, the predicted generated property data comprises apredicted generated carrier concentration.

The preprocessed training data is input into the preset neural networkmodel, to obtain the predicted generated property data through thepreset neural network model. The predicted generated property data alsoincludes: a predicted generated crack data, a predicted generated hybridcrystal data, a predicted generated half-height width of diffractionpeak, a predicted generated radial deviation value of the half-heightwidth of diffraction peak, a predicted generated axial deviation valueof the half-height width of diffraction peak, a predicted generatedradial deviation value of the carrier concentration and a predictedgenerated axial deviation value of the carrier concentration.

A400. Adjusting model parameters of the preset neural network modelaccording to the predicted generated property data and the actualproperty data to obtain the trained neural network model.

According to the predicted generated property data and the actualproperty data, the model parameters of the preset neural network modelis corrected, and it is continued to execute the input of thepreprocessed training data into the preset neural network model, toobtain the step of predicted generated property data corresponding tothe preprocessed training data through the preset neural network model(that is, step A300), until a preset training conditions are met, andthe trained neural network model is obtained.

The according to the predicted generated property data and the actualproperty data, the model parameters of the preset neural network modelis corrected, and it is continued to execute the input of thepreprocessed training data into the preset neural network model, toobtain the step of predicted generated property data corresponding tothe preprocessed training data through the preset neural network model,until a preset training conditions are met, and the trained neuralnetwork model is obtained, may be also described as if the preset neuralnetwork model meets the preset training conditions, the trained neuralnetwork model is obtained; and if the preset neural network model doesnot meet the preset training conditions, return to step A300 until thepreset neural network model meets the preset training conditions, andthe trained neural network model is obtained.

In an implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a lossfunction value of the preset neural network model is determinedaccording to the predicted generated property data and the actualproperty data. The model parameters of the neural network model arecorrected through the loss function value. A gradient-based method isadopted to modify the parameters of the preset neural network model, andafter the loss function value of the preset neural network model isdetermined, the gradient of the parameters of the network model, theparameters of the preset neural network model, and the preset learningrate are determined, and the modified parameters of the preset neuralnetwork model are determined.

The preset training conditions include: the loss function value meets afirst preset requirement and/or the preset number of times of trainingof the neural network model reaches a first preset number of times.

The first preset requirement is determined according to the accuracy andefficiency of the preset neural network model, for example, the lossfunction value of the preset neural network model reaches a minimumvalue or no longer changes. The first preset number of times is thepreset maximum number of training times of the neural network model, forexample, 4000 times.

The loss function of the preset neural network model includes: a meansquare error, a root mean square error, a mean absolute error, etc.

In an implementation of the embodiments, the preset neural network modelincludes: a feature extraction module and a fully connected module.

For example, the preset neural network model includes: a firstconvolution unit, a second convolution unit, a third convolution unit, afourth convolution unit, and a fully connected unit. The firstconvolution unit includes two convolution layers and one pooling layer.The second convolution unit, the third convolution unit, and the fourthconvolution unit each includes three convolution layers and one poolinglayer. The fully connected unit includes three fully connected layers.

The convolutional layer and the fully connected layer are responsiblefor mapping and transforming an input data. This process uses parameterssuch as weights and biases, and requires the use of activationfunctions. The pooling layer is a fixed function operation. Theconvolutional layer plays a role in extracting features; the poolinglayer performs a pooling operation on the input features to change theirspatial size; and the fully connected layer connects all the data in aprevious layer.

Step A300: inputting the preprocessed training data into a preset neuralnetwork model, and obtaining a predicted generated property datacorresponding to the preprocessed training data through the presetneural network model includes:

A310. Inputting the preprocessed training data into the featureextraction module, and obtaining a feature vector corresponding to thepreprocessed training data through the feature extraction module;

A320. Inputting the feature vector into the fully connected module,obtaining the preprocessed training data through the fully connectedmodule, and obtaining the predicted generated property data.

The preprocessed training data is input into a preset neural networkmodel, and the feature vector corresponding to the preprocessed trainingdata is output through the feature extraction module in the presetneural network model, and the feature vector is input to the fullyconnected module, and the predicted training generated quality datacorresponding to the preprocessed training data output by the fullyconnected module is obtained.

It can also be described as: the preprocessed training data is inputinto a preset neural network model, and the feature vector correspondingto the preprocessed training data is output through the featureextraction module in the preset neural network model, and the featurevector is input to the fully connected module, and the predictedtraining generated quality data corresponding to the preprocessedtraining data output by the fully connected module is obtained.

Based on the above-mentioned prediction method of conductive galliumoxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth method, thepresent embodiment provides a preparation method of conductive galliumoxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth method. Thepreparation method includes steps:

B100. Obtaining a target property data of a target conductive galliumoxide single crystal, the target property data comprises a targetcarrier concentration.

If the target conductive gallium oxide single crystal is to be obtained,the target property data of the target conductive gallium oxide singlecrystal may be determined first, that is, determining the property dataof the desired conductive gallium oxide single crystal. Of course, thetarget property data of the target conductive gallium oxide singlecrystal may also be determined first, that is, determining the propertydata of the desired conductive gallium oxide single crystal. The targetproperty data also includes: a target crack data, a target hybridcrystal data, a target half-height width of diffraction peak, a targetradial deviation value of the half-height width of diffraction peak, atarget axial deviation value of the half-height width of diffractionpeak, a radial deviation value of target carrier concentration and aaxial deviation value of target carrier concentration.

B200. Determining a target preparation data corresponding to the targetconductive gallium oxide single crystal according to the target propertydata and a trained neural network model, the target preparation datacomprises a seed crystal data, an environmental data, a control data anda raw material data, the raw material data comprises a doping type dataand a conductive doping concentration.

The target preparation data corresponding to the target conductivegallium oxide single crystal is determined according to the targetproperty data and the trained neural network model. Of course, targetpreparation data corresponding to the target conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal is determined according to the target property data andthe trained neural network model. It should be noted that sincedifferent preparation data may obtain the same property data, the targetpreparation data is not unique when determining the target preparationdata corresponding to the target conductive gallium oxide single crystalaccording to the target property data and the trained neural networkmodel. One target preparation data is determined according to thecontrol difficulty of each data in multiple target preparation data, soas to make the target conductive gallium oxide single crystal to beobtained more convenient.

In one implementation of the present embodiment, the B200 determining atarget preparation data corresponding to the target conductive galliumoxide single crystal according to the target property data and a trainedneural network model includes:

B210. Obtaining a preset preparation data, preprocessing the presetpreparation data to obtain a preprocessed preset preparation data.

B220. Inputting the preprocessed preset preparation data into thetrained neural network model, and obtaining a predicted property datacorresponding to the conductive gallium oxide single crystal through thetrained neural network model.

B230. Correcting the preset preparation data according to the predictedproperty data and the target property data to obtain the targetpreparation data corresponding to the target conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal.

The preset preparation data may be preset, and the preset preparationdata may be preprocessed to obtain the preprocessed preset preparationdata. For the preprocessing process, please refer to step S200. Thepreset preparation data is input into the trained neural network modelto obtain the predicted property data, and then the preset preparationdata is corrected according to the predicted property data and thetarget property data. When the difference between the predicted propertydata and the target property data is less than a preset threshold, thepreset preparation data may be adopted as the target preparation data.When the preset preparation data is being corrected, it can be correctedautomatically or manually. Of course, the loss function value can alsobe determined according to the predicted property data and the targetproperty data, and then the preset preparation data can be correctedaccording to the loss function value. If the loss function value meetsthe preset correction conditions, the preset preparation data may beused as the target preparation data. The preset correction conditionsinclude: the loss function value meets the second preset requirementsand/or the correction times of the preset preparation data reach thesecond preset times.

It should be noted that the preset preparation data includes: a presetseed crystal data, a preset environment data a preset control data, anda preset raw material data. The preset seed crystal data includes apreset half-height width of seed diffraction peak, a preset deviationvalue of the half-height width of seed diffraction peak and a presetseed diameter. The preset environmental data includes a preset thermalresistance value of insulating layer in high temperature area, a presetdeviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inhigh temperature area, a preset shape factor of insulating layer in hightemperature area, a preset thermal resistance value of insulating layerin low temperature area, a preset deviation value of the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in low temperature area, a presetshape factor of insulating layer in low temperature area and a presetshape factor of insulating layer in growth driving area. The presetcontrol data includes a preset high temperature area input power, apreset high temperature area cooling power, a preset low temperaturearea input power, a preset low temperature area cooling power and apreset crucible descending speed. The preset raw material data includesa preset doping type data and a preset conductive doping concentration.

B300. Preparing, based on the vertical Bridgman growth method, thetarget conductive gallium oxide single crystal according to the targetpreparation data.

After the target preparation data is obtained, the target conductivegallium oxide single crystal may be prepared according to the targetpreparation data based on the vertical Bridgman growth method.

Based on the prediction method or the preparation method describedabove, the present disclosure provides a conductive gallium oxidepreparation system based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growthmethod. The system may be a computer device, and the internal structureis shown in FIG. 4 . The system includes a processor, a memory, anetwork interface, a display screen and an input device connected via asystem bus. Among them, the processor of the system is configured toprovide calculation and control capabilities. The memory of the systemincludes a non-transitory storage media and an internal memory. Thenon-transitory storage media stores an operating system and a computerprogram. The internal memory provides an environment for the operationof the operating system and computer programs in the non-transitorystorage media. The network interface of the system is used tocommunicate with external terminals through a network connection. Thecomputer program is executed by the processor to realize the predictionmethod of conductive gallium oxide based on deep learning and verticalBridgman growth method or the preparation method of conductive galliumoxide based on the deep learning and the vertical Bridgman growthmethod. The display screen of the system may be a liquid crystal displayscreen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of thesystem may be a touch layer covered on the display screen, or a button,a trackball or a touchpad set on the system shell, or it is an externalkeyboard, a touchpad, or a mouse, etc.

Those skilled in the art should understand that FIG. 4 is only a blockdiagram of structures related to the scheme of the present disclosure,and does not constitute a limitation on the system to which the schemeof the disclosure is applied. The specific system may include more orfewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine somecomponents, or have different component arrangements.

In one embodiment, a conductive gallium oxide preparation system basedon deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth method is provided, whichincludes a memory and a processor, and a computer program is stored inthe memory, and the processor implements the steps of the predictionmethod or the preparation method when executing the computer program.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined in anyconfigurations. In order to make the description concise, the possiblecombinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are notdescribed in all. However, as long as there is no contradiction in thecombination of these technical features, they should be considered aswithin the scope recorded in this description.

1-10. (canceled)
 11. A prediction method of conductive gallium oxidebased on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth method, comprising:obtaining a preparation data of the conductive gallium oxide singlecrystal, the preparation data comprises a seed crystal data, anenvironmental data, a control data and a raw material data, and the rawmaterial data comprises a doping type data and a conductive dopingconcentration; preprocessing the preparation data to obtain apreprocessed preparation data; and inputting the preprocessedpreparation data into a trained neural network model, and obtaining apredicted property data corresponding to the conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal through the trained neural network model, the predictedproperty data comprises a predicted carrier concentration.
 12. Theprediction method of conductive gallium oxide based on deep learning andvertical Bridgman growth method according to claim 11, wherein thepreprocessing of the preparation data to obtain a preprocessedpreparation data comprises: obtaining a preprocessed preparation dataaccording to the seed crystal data, the environmental data, the controldata and the raw material data, the preprocessed preparation data is amatrix formed by the seed data, the environmental data, the control dataand the raw material data.
 13. The prediction method of conductivegallium oxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth methodaccording to claim 12, wherein the seed data comprises: a half-heightwidth of seed diffraction peak, a deviation value of the half-heightwidth of seed diffraction peak and a seed diameter; the environmentaldata comprises: a thermal resistance value of insulating layer in hightemperature area, a deviation value of the thermal resistance value ofinsulating layer in high temperature area, a shape factor of insulatinglayer in high temperature area, a thermal resistance value of insulatinglayer in low temperature area, a deviation value of the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in low temperature area, a shapefactor of insulating layer in low temperature area and a shape factor ofinsulating layer in growth driving area; and the control data comprises:a high temperature area input power, a high temperature area coolingpower, a low temperature area input power, a low temperature areacooling power and a crucible descending speed.
 14. The prediction methodof conductive gallium oxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgmangrowth method according to claim 13, wherein the obtaining of thepreprocessed preparation data according to the seed crystal data, theenvironmental data, the control data and the raw material datacomprises: determining a preparation vector according to the seedcrystal data, the environmental data, the control data and the rawmaterial data, a first element in the preparation vector is one of thehalf-height width of seed diffraction peak, the deviation value of thehalf-height width of seed diffraction peak and the seed diameter, asecond element in the preparation vector is one of the thermalresistance value of insulating layer in high temperature area, thedeviation value of the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inhigh temperature area, the shape factor of insulating layer in hightemperature area, the thermal resistance value of insulating layer inlow temperature area, the deviation value of the thermal resistancevalue of insulating layer in low temperature area, the shape factor ofinsulating layer in low temperature area and the shape factor ofinsulating layer in growth driving area, a third element in thepreparation vector is one of the high temperature area input power, thehigh temperature area cooling power, the low temperature area inputpower, the low temperature area cooling power and the crucibledescending speed, and a fourth element in the preparation vector is oneof the doping type data and the conductive doping concentration;determining the preprocessed preparation data according to thepreparation vector.
 15. The prediction method of conductive galliumoxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgman growth methodaccording to claim 11, wherein the predicted property data furthercomprises: a predicted crack data, a predicted hybrid crystal data, apredicted half-height width of diffraction peak, a radial deviationvalue of the predicted half-height width of diffraction peak, a axialdeviation value of the predicted half-height width of diffraction peak,a radial deviation value of the predicted carrier concentration and aaxial deviation value of the predicted carrier concentration.
 16. Apreparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deep learningand vertical Bridgman growth method, comprising: obtaining a targetproperty data of a target conductive gallium oxide single crystal, thetarget property data comprises a target carrier concentration;determining a target preparation data corresponding to the targetconductive gallium oxide single crystal according to the target propertydata and a trained neural network model, the target preparation datacomprises a seed crystal data, an environmental data, a control data anda raw material data, the raw material data comprises a doping type dataand a conductive doping concentration; and preparing, based on thevertical Bridgman growth method, the target conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal according to the target preparation data.
 17. Thepreparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deep learningand vertical Bridgman growth method according to claim 16, wherein thedetermining of the target preparation data corresponding to the targetconductive gallium oxide single crystal according to the target propertydata and a trained neural network model comprises: obtaining a presetpreparation data, preprocessing the preset preparation data to obtain apreprocessed preset preparation data; inputting the preprocessed presetpreparation data into the trained neural network model, and obtaining apredicted property data corresponding to the conductive gallium oxidesingle crystal through the trained neural network model; and correctingthe preset preparation data according to the predicted property data andthe target property data to obtain the target preparation datacorresponding to the target conductive gallium oxide single crystal. 18.The preparation method of conductive gallium oxide based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method according to claim 16,wherein the trained neural network model is trained by: acquiring atraining data of the conductive gallium oxide single crystal and anactual property data corresponding to the training data, the trainingdata comprises a seed crystal training data, an environmental trainingdata, a control training data and a raw material training data, the rawmaterial training data comprises a doping type data and a conductivedoping concentration; preprocessing the training data to obtain apreprocessed training data; inputting the preprocessed training datainto a preset neural network model, and obtaining a predicted generatedproperty data corresponding to the preprocessed training data throughthe preset neural network model, the predicted generated property datacomprises a predicted generated carrier concentration; and adjustingmodel parameters of the preset neural network model according to thepredicted generated property data and the actual property data to obtainthe trained neural network model.
 19. The preparation method ofconductive gallium oxide based on deep learning and vertical Bridgmangrowth method according to claim 18, wherein the preset neural networkmodel comprises a feature extraction module and a fully connectedmodule, the inputting the preprocessed training data into a presetneural network model, and obtaining a predicted generated property datacorresponding to the preprocessed training data through the presetneural network model, comprises: inputting the preprocessed trainingdata into the feature extraction module, and obtaining a feature vectorcorresponding to the preprocessed training data through the featureextraction module; and inputting the feature vector into the fullyconnected module, obtaining the preprocessed training data through thefully connected module, and obtaining the predicted generated propertydata.
 20. A conductive gallium oxide preparation system based on deeplearning and vertical Bridgman growth method, wherein comprising anon-transitory memory and a processor, a computer program is stored inthe non-transitory memory, and the processor executes the computerprogram to operate the steps of the predicted method according to claim11.